Radio communication system

ABSTRACT

In the radio communication system for performing a communication in the idle channel selected from a plurality of frequency channels, the originating call station transmits the station identification code to specify the distant station together with the idle channel data to be actually communicated, and the distant station designated by the station identification code shifts to the designated idle channel, and the communication is executed between two stations. During communication in a certain channel between two stations, in the case where a radio interference occurs in this channel and it is intended to shift to other channel, one station transmits the other channel data in the communication channel and the other station receives it, and the communication is continued each other in the other channel.

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/299,026, filed 1/19/89, now abandoned which itself was a divisional of application Ser. No. 07/113,355, filed 10/28/87, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,850,030, which was a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/830,583, filed 2/7/86, now abandoned.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a radio communication system and, more particularly, to an amateur radio communication system.

BACKGROUND ART

The conventional FM communication of an amateur radio station is generally based on a method whereby the idle frequency (idle channel) is found out from the calling frequencies (calling channels) and this idle frequency is informed by a voice to unspecified distant stations and the mutual stations which desire the communication shift to this idle frequency and perform the communication. These operations are manually performed.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

According to this system, a series of those operations are automated by the digital technology in the following manner. The idle channel is automatically found out. An instruction signal to perform the operation to shift the frequency of the radio transceiver on the distant side to the idle channel is transmitted from this side and at the same time, this side also promptly shifts the frequency to this idle channel. However, since the calling channel is used by many stations and the signal to instruct the channel shift is unnecessary for the other unconcerned stations, a digital control code to specify the distant stations, a digital control code to specify the distant station to be communicated with this station is set (this digital control code consists of arbitrary five-digit number to mutually identify the objective stations to be communicated and is what is called a "password" which is arbitrarily determined among fellows, "employee code", "position code", or the like). The instruction signal to shift to the idle channel is sent to only the station which transmitted the coincident digital control code. Then, both of the distant station and this station shift to the idle channel and can perform the communication.

The radio transceiver used in this system and disclosed as an embodiment also has the following functions.

The function (skip channel) to avoid the channels (frequencies) which were preliminarily stored in a memory of the radio transceiver and to select the channels other than those stored channels when the idle channel is found out. With this function, it is possible to avoid the shift to a channel which is perhaps busy, such as a club channel or the like.

The function to select the idle channel from among a plurality of channels (frequencies) which were preliminarily stored in a memory of the radio transceiver when the idle channel is searched. With this function, it is easy to shift to the channel which is frequency used by this side.

The function in which although the line was automatically connected and the communication was performed, this channel soon becomes difficult to be used in the best condition due to radio interference or the like, so that the line is automatically connected to another idle channel from that channel. With this function, in the case where the control channel is set to the special channel, the communication is concentrated to this channel; therefore, by setting the current communicating channel to the start channel, the communication jam can be avoided. If the radio interference occurred during communication, in the case where the setting of the control channel which can shift to the idle channel from that frequency to the special channel (for example, call channel) is not admitted, this function is effective as a countermeasure for such a case.

The function (reverse) to alternately shift the calling channel and the selected idle channel. With this function, in the case where the distant station cannot be connected at the time of the channel link, the channel can be returned to the start channel and the channel shift operation can be again performed. The channels can be easily manually switched and it is possible to manually shift to the idle channel for the distant station which is not provided with the apparatus according to this system.

The function in which although the digital code which was set to call the distant side is apparently the code by which this side is called upon reception, this side can be also called even by (a plurality of) the other codes stored in the memory of the radio transceiver on this side. There is a generality in the case where the station is called by a plurality of codes rather than the case where it is called by one group code (this function is convenient when there are a plurality of group code stations which are determined for a plurality of club stations; the waiting and calling of a plurality of stations can be performed).

The function in which the transmission can be executed only in the state in which the code squelch (the function such that the voice of the distant station can be heard only when the code number set on this side coincides with the code number set in the distant station) is set upon reception and when a transmission switch (PTT switch) is pressed to transmit, the squelch is first cancelled and all can be received. With this function, it is possible to promptly cancel the channel at hand and the use state of this channel can be certainly confirmed before transmission. Unless the code squelch is cancelled, the voice of the station of the group code or conventional set cannot be heard.

The common use as the switch for the call operation and the switch for the recall operation which is used in the case where the line of the distant station cannot be automatically connected by the call operation, or the like. The common use of the switches in this way can reduce the number of switches. Although the actual originating call operation and reoriginating call operation differ, both of these operations are the calling operations for the user; therefore, the operations are simplified by using the same switch for those operations.

The function in which when the idle channel is being searched, the execution of this operation is displayed by a light, sound, or the like. With this function, it is possible to clarify that the idle channel is being searched.

The function in which when an arbitrary call sign (of a radio station to be used) for automatic transmission of the call sign is set, alphabets are replaced by numerals of two digits and can be inputted by a keyboard switch to set the digital code. According to the method whereby alphabetic characters and numerals are directly inputted or the method whereby they are inputted by the hexadecimal ASCII code, many keys are needed and the display corresponding thereto must be performed. However, by converting into the decimal ASCII code, it is sufficient to use only numerals of 0 to 9 and the display can also become easy.

The function in that the transmission can be performed only when the call sign for automatic transmission of the call sign is inputted. With this function, it is possible to prevent the originating call in the case where the input of the call sign code of this station was forgot.

The function in which the call sign which was automatically transmitted from the distant station is received and interpreted and the call sign is displayed by the display device. The data which is sent as the ASCII code can be observed as the call sign by the eyes and the distant station can be momentarily identified.

The lock function in which when the display representing that the line is connected to the distant station is indicated, even if this station is called from another station having the same digital code, the line is not connected to this another station (the line is still connected to the station to which the line was first connected). With this function, it is possible to cope with the interference of reception.

The function to store the frequency of the channel to be locked.

The function to forcedly stop the search of the idle channel. Unless the idle channel is found out, the program of the apparatus enters the infinite loop; therefore, this is cancelled at a proper timing.

The function in which although the transmission cannot be performed ordinarily when no idle channel is found out, the transmission can be forcedly executed. When it is difficult to expect that the control or originating call channel becomes idle, the control signal can be transmitted sometimes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 a diagram showing an example of a fundamental arrangement of a radio transceiver which is used in the system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an arrangement of a control signal according to the system of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a procedure for the operation to connect the idle channel in the radio transceiver of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a procedure for the code squelch operation of the radio transceiver of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an arrangement of an embodiment of the radio transceiver of the invention; and

FIGS. 6 to 8 are flowcharts showing the operation of the embodiment of the radio transceiver shown in FIG. 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 shows an example of a fundamental arrangement of a radio transceiver for use in the present system. The input/output processes and general functions of the transceiver are controlled by a main computer 1. The data process is executed by a subcomputer 2. In a modem 3 for data transmission of the MSK (Minimum Shift Keying) system, a modulator section outputs an MSK signal while synchronizing a data signal necessary for transmission with a clock as an interface of the digital data process. A demodulator section demodulates the data signal from the MSK signal received and also reproduces the clock synchronized with the data signal. A signal to operate the transceiver is inputted from a keyboard 4 and the operation state of the transceiver is displayed on a display 5.

FIG. 2 shows an example of an arrangement of a control signal to transmit the necessary information to the distant station which is used in the present system. The data information in this signal is particularly important and uses error correction based on the Hargelbarger system, thereby improving errors due to the influence by the noise or the like.

○1 Bit/frame sync signal . . . Discriminates the noise and signal upon data communication or the like from the signal for the present system. ○2 Digital code data . . . The number which is constituted by numerals of five digits and is used to identify whether the station is the objective distant station or not. ○3 Idle channel data . . . The frequency data of the idle channel and the information data from 100 MHz to 1 kHz. ○4 Call sign data . . . The information data of six characters of the call sign in combination of numerals and alphabets. The spare data is also provided in consideration of future development of the system. This control signal is transmitted at a high speed of 1200 baud, so that its transmission time is so short to be about 0.2 second and will hardly influence on the ordinary communication. However, when this signal is received, it is heard as a peculiar sound like "piro piro".

As an example of setting the digital code and inputting the call sign, the digital code assumes the number of five digits by sequentially setting numerals of 0 to 9. The call sign is inputted using the ASCII code by expressing it as the decimal number instead of the hexadecimal number of two digits so that it can be easily inputted. The following table shows the correspondence among the codes which are expressed by decimal number and the characters which are expressed by these codes. For example, although a character of "J" is expressed as &H4A by the ASCII code, it is expressed as 74={4×16+A(10)} by the decimal number. This code is converted to the ASCII code in the set and is transmitted.

                  TABLE                                                            ______________________________________                                         A : 65  B : 66       C : 67     D : 68                                         E : 69  F : 70       G : 71     H : 72                                         I : 73  J : 74       K : 75     L : 76                                         M : 77  N : 78       O : 79     P : 80                                         Q : 81  R : 82       S : 83     T : 84                                         U : 85  V : 86       W : 87     X : 88                                         Y : 89  Z : 90       SPACE : 32                                                0 : 48  1 : 49       2 : 50     3 : 51                                         4 : 52  5 : 53       6 : 54     7 : 55                                         8 : 56  9 : 57                                                                 ______________________________________                                    

The connecting operation to the idle channel is performed in accordance with a procedure as shown in FIG. 3. In the originating call station, the idle channel is searched at random on a 20-kHz step basis in the usable band (the band of 144 MHz or 430 MHz) of the FM radio wave, but the calling frequency of the band and the frequency designated as the skip channel are eliminated. For discrimination of the idle channel, the channel is decided to be idle when the level of the received signal of that frequency channel is below a threshold value for a predetermined time or longer.

The automatic transmitting operation (for about 0.2 second) in the case of transmitting the control signal is executed by first checking the idle state by that frequency and then waiting until the station becomes idle if a radio wave is transmitted. In such a case, the apparatus is in the reception monitoring state. Therefore, the forced transmission due to the PTT can be performed in accordance with the situation. The search of the idle channel can be cancelled as well by pressing the PTT.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a procedure for the code squelch operation. No transmission is performed when the PTT (Push to Talk) switch is pressed in the code squelch state, but the code squelch operation is cancelled. This is because the monitor has a priority.

The operation of an embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinbelow with reference to flowcharts shown in FIGS. 6 to 8.

First, when the amateur radio transceiver of the present invention is made operative, it enters the receiving state unless otherwise a special operation is performed.

When the program is started, a check is made to see if the setting of the call sign code has been selected by code selecting means 101 or not (step a₁) The code selecting means 101 can designate the setting of the call sign code and set codes A and B. As will be explained hereinafter, when the setting of the call sign code is instructed, the code selecting means 101 can be controlled to the setting state of the set code A by a signal from a microcomputer 80. Although the set codes A and B are indicated as the set code so that they can also function as what are called group codes and also as the codes for code squelch, they are indicated as the group codes A and B hereinbelow.

The call sign code and the like are set by code setting means 102. Therefore, for example, one character of the ASCII code is instructed by pressing the code setting means 102 four times and it is assumed that the hexadecimal number corresponding to high order three bits of the ASCII code of seven units to which the value indicated by the code setting means 102 due to the depression of the first two times was added and the hexadecimal number corresponding to low order four bits of the ASCII code of seven units to which the value indicated by the code setting means 102 due to the depression of the next two times was added are shown, respectively.

In step a₁, when the setting of the call sign code is selected, a second count area (hereinafter, a count area is referred to as a counter) 104 provided in a RAM 83 is cleared (step a₂) to set the number of digits of the call sign. Then, a first counter 103 provided in the RAM 83 is cleared (step a₃) to count in order to allow the number of depression times of the code setting means 102 depressed to correspond to one character of the ASCII code. Then, a key switch output supplied from the code setting means 102 is loaded into call sign code operating means 106 (step a₄) to add the above-mentioned value due to the depression of two times in order to convert into the ASCII code. Then, the first counter is increased by "+1" (step a₅). Steps a₄ to a₅ are repeated by the number of times corresponding to one character of the ASCII code (step a₆). The input code is then converted into the ASCII code (step a₇). The converted ASCII code is stored into call sign code memory area 107 provided in the RAM 83 and the memory content is displayed in a call sign display device 114 through code operating means 113 (step a₈). Then, the second counter 104 is increased by "+1" (step a₉). Steps a₃ to a₉ are repeated by the number of times corresponding to the number of digits of the call sign (step a₁₀) When the count value of the second counter 104 becomes the value corresponding to the number of digits of the call sign in step a₁₀, the call sign code is completely stored into the call sign code memory area 107 and a flag is set into call sign code set state memory area 108 provided in the RAM 83 (step a₁₁). Then, the call sign code selection by the code selecting means 101 is cancelled and the position to set the group code A is selected (step a₁₂).

Subsequent to step a₁₂, a check is made to see if the setting of the group codes has been selected by the code selecting means 101 or not (step a₁₃).

In this embodiment, the case where two group codes of (A) and (B) can be set has been shown as an example; however, it is not limited to two group codes.

When the selection of the call sign code is not selected in step a₁, step a₁₃ is executed after step a₁.

When the setting of group codes is selected in step a₁₃, a third counter 105 which is provided in the RAM 83 and counts the number of digits of the group code is cleared (step a₁₄). A check is made to see if the selected group code is the group code (A) or not (step a₁₅). When it is detected in step a₁₅ that the group code (A) has been selected, the input code is loaded into a first group code memory area 109 provided in the RAM 83 (step a₁₆). The third counter 105 is increased by "+1" (step a₁₇). The set group code (A) is displayed in a data display device 112 through data display selecting means 111 (step a₁₈). After step a₁₈, steps a₁₆ to a₁₈ are repeated until the count value of the third counter 105 becomes the number of digits of the group code, and when the count value of the third counter 105 becomes the number of digits of the group code (step a₁₉), step a₁₃ is then executed. Thus, the set group code (A) is stored into the first group code memory area 109.

When the selected group code is not the group code (A) in step a₁₅, it is the group code (B). In this case, steps a₂₀ to a₂₃ are executed in a similar manner to steps a₁₆ to a₁₉ after step a₁₅. Thus, the set group code (B) is stored into second group code memory area 110 provided in the RAM 83.

When the setting of the group codes is not selected in step a₁₃, a check is made to see if the group code (A) has been selected by group code selecting means 115 or not in order to use the group code (A) for waiting (step a₂₄). When the group code (A) is selected by the group code selecting means 115, a check is made to see if the group code (A) has been stored into the first group code memory area 109 or not (step a₂₅).

When the group code (A) has been stored into the first group code memory area 109 in step a₂₅, a flag in a group code (A) selection permitting memory area 116 provided in the RAM 83 is inverted (step a₂₆). When the flag in the group code (A) selection permitting memory area 116 was set in step a₂₆, the set group code (A) is displayed in the data display device 112 together with the special indication such as, for example, a decimal point (step a₂₇). When the flag in the group code (A) selection permitting memory area 116 was reset in step a₂₆, the special indication such as, e.g., a decimal point is lit off and the set group code (A) is displayed in the data display device 112 (step a₂₇).

A check is then made to see if the group code (B) has been selected by the group code selecting means 115 or not in order to use the group code (B) for waiting (step a₂₈).

When the group code (A) is not selected in step a₂₄, and when the group code (A) is not set in step a₂₅, step a₂₈ is executed subsequent to steps a₂₄ and a₂₅.

When the group code (B) is selected in step a₂₈, a check is made to see if the group code (B) has been stored into the second group code memory area 110 or not (step a₂₉) in a manner similar to step a₂₅.

When the group code (B) has been stored in the second group code memory area 110 in step a₂₉, a flag in a group code (B) selection permitting memory area 117 provided in the RAM 83 is inverted (step a₃₀). When the flag in the group code (B) selection permitting memory area 117 was set in step a₃₀, the set group code (B) is displayed in the data display device 112 together with the special indication such as, e.g., a decimal point (step a₃₁). When the flag in the group code (B) selection permitting memory area 117 was reset in step a₃₀, the special indication such as, e.g., a decimal point is lit off and the set group code (B) is displayed in the data display device 112 (step a₃₁). In addition, it will be obvious from steps a₂₄ to a₃₀ that both of the group codes (A) and (B) can be selected.

The originating call routine is executed after step a₃₁. On the contrary, when the group code (B) is not selected in step a₂₈, and when the group code (B) is not set in step a₂₉, the originating call routine is executed subsequent to steps a₂₈ and a₂₉.

As will be apparent from the above description, the call sign code and the group codes (A) and (B) can be set. On the other hand, even when the group codes (A) and (B) were set and stored, if they are not selected in steps a₂₄ and a₂₈, they are not used for waiting or the like.

The originating call routine will then be described on the basis of FIG. 7.

In the originating call routine, a check is made to see if system operation state setting means 118 to designate whether the line of the transceiver is automatically connected to the distant transceiver or not has been set or not (step b₁). When the system operation state setting means 118 is not set in step b₁, the originating call routine is skipped and the transmission/reception routine, which will be explained hereinafter, is executed. When the system operation state setting means 118 has been set in step b₁, a check is made to see if originating call setting means 119 has been set or not (step b₂) after step b₁. When the originating call setting means 119 is not set in step b₂, the originating call routine is skipped and the transmission/reception routine is executed. When the originating call setting means 119 has been set in step b₂, a check is made to see if the call sign has been set or not (step b₃) after step b₂. The setting of the call sign is detected by checking whether a flag is set in the call sign code set state memory area 108 or not. When the call sign is not set in step b₃, the originating call routine is skipped and the transmission/reception routine is executed. Therefore, when the call sign is not set, the apparatus doesn't enter the originating call state and is not linked to the distant side. However, no problem occurs in the system even if the call sign is not set.

When the call sign is set in step b₃, muting means 120 is made operative, namely, it is set into the mute-on state (step b₄) after step b₃. Since the muting is performed in step b₄, when the idle line is being searched, the apparatus enters the receiving state, but the voice is muted. A check is then made to see if the line has been connected or not (step b₅) after step b₃. The connection of the line is detected by checking whether or not a flag was set into line connection memory area 121 provided in the RAM 83. When the line was connected in step b₅, the apparatus enters the reoriginating call state, which will be explained hereinafter. This state is caused by executing the originating call routine at least once.

When the line is not connected in step b₅, the frequency data stored in frequency data memory area 122 provided in the RAM 83 is loaded into a start channel data memory area (hereinafter, referred to as an S channel data memory area) 123 provided in the RAM 83 (step b₆). The frequency data determined between this side and the distant side to be communicated before step b₆ is set in the frequency data memory area 122 by frequency data setting means 124 consisting of a rotary encoder or the like. This set data is stored into the frequency data memory area 122.

Subsequent to step b₆, the waiting state is inhibited (step b₇). The waiting state is inhibited by resetting the flag in waiting state memory area 125 provided in the RAM 83. After step b₇, an idle channel search display device 126 is lit on, thereby indicating that the idle channel is being searched (step b₈). The idle channel may be indicated by a voice (e.g., a beep sound) as well as by the light.

On one hand, a check is made (step b₉) to see if priority selection state setting means 129 to preferentially select, as the communication channels, the frequency data, for example, f₁ and f₂ which were preliminarily individually set into an f₁ data memory area 127 and an f₂ data memory area 128 provided in the RAM 83 has been set or not. When the priority selection state has been set in step b₉, the frequency data f₁ is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₁₀) and a first timer 130 starts timing (step b₁₁). An output frequency of a frequency synthesizer 5 is set by the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122. Therefore, the receiving frequency (upon reception) and the transmitting frequency (upon transmission) are set. After step b₁₁, a check is made by idle channel detecting means 132 consisting of a comparator 39 to see if the received signal of the frequency corresponding to the f₁ frequency data loaded in the frequency data memory area 122 is below a predetermined level or not (step b₁₂). A check is made to see if the level of the received signal has been held at a level below the predetermined level for a set time of the first timer 130 or not (step b₁₃). When the received signal level in step b₁₂ has been held at a level below the predetermined level for the set time of the first timer 130 in step b₁₃, it is determined that the frequency corresponding to the f₁ frequency data is the idle line and step b₂₇, which will be explained hereinafter, is executed.

On the contrary, when the received signal level exceeds the predetermined level in step b₁₂, or when the state in that the received signal level is below the predetermined level doesn't continue for the set time of the first timer 130 in step b₁₃, the frequency data f₂ is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₁₄) after step b₁₂. The first timer 130 starts timing (step b₁₅). After step b₁₅, a check is made to see if the received signal of the frequency corresponding to the f₂ frequency data loaded in the frequency data memory area 122 is below a predetermined level or not (step b₁₆). A check is then made to see if the received signal level has been held at a level below the predetermined level for the set time of the first timer 130 or not (step b₁₇). When the received signal level in step b₁₆ has been held at the level below the predetermined level for the set time of the first timer in step b₁₇, it is determined that the frequency corresponding to the f₂ frequency data is the idle line and step b₂₇, which will be explained hereinafter, is executed On the contrary, when the received signal level exceeds the predetermined level in step b₁₆, or when the state in that the received signal level is below the predetermined level does not continue for the set time of the first timer 130 in step b₁₇, the frequency data generated in random frequency generating means 133 is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₁₈) after step b₁₆. Then, the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is increased (step b₁₉).

When the priority selection state setting means 129 is not set in step b₉, step b₁₈ is executed after step b₉. In this case, the selection with respect to whether the frequency data is preferentially selected or not is not selected.

After step b₁₉, a check is made to see if selective exclusion state setting means 134 to exclude that the frequency data, for example, f₃ and f₄ which were preliminarily individually set into an f₃ data memory area (not shown) and an f₄ data memory area (not shown) provided in the RAM 83 are selected as the communication channels has been set or not (step b₂₀). When the selective exclusion state was set in step b₂₀, a check is made to see if the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 coincides with the frequency data f₃ or not by frequency data comparing means 138 (step b₂₁). When the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is not the frequency data f₃ in step b₂₁, a check is then made to see if it coincides with the frequency data f₄ or not in a manner similar to the above (step b₂₂). When the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is not the frequency data f₄ in step b₂₂, a check is made to see if the frequency corresponding to the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is the frequency in the amateur band stored in a frequency data memory area 135 within a set range provided in the RAM 83 or not (step b₂₃) subsequent to step b₂₂. When step b₂₃ is executed through steps b₂₁ and b₂₂, the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 doesn't correspond to the frequency to be selectively excluded in step b₁₉.

When the selective exclusion state setting means 134 is not set in step b₂₀, step b₂₃ is executed subsequent to step b₂₀. In this case, the discrimination regarding the frequency data to be selectively excluded is not carried out.

When the frequency corresponding to the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is the frequency in the amateur band in step b₂₃, the first timer 130 starts timing (step b₂₄). A check is then made to see if the received signal level is below a predetermined level or not (step b₂₅). A check is made to see if the received signal level has been held at a level below the predetermined level for the set time of the first timer 130 or not (step b₂₆).

When the state in that the received signal level is below the predetermined level doesn't continue for the set time of the first timer 130 in step b₂₆, a check is made to see if a PTT switch 14 has been turned on or not (step b_(x)). When the PTT switch 14 is not ON, a check is made to see if a reset switch 139 has been turned on or not (step b_(y)). When the PTT switch 14 is ON in step b_(x), and when the reset switch 139 is ON in step b_(y), this means that the stop of the originating call is instructed. In this case, the frequency data stored in the S channel data memory area 123 is loaded in the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₃₄) after steps b_(x) and b_(y). Then, step b₅ 1, which will be explained hereinafter, is executed.

When the reset switch 139 is not ON in step b_(y), a check is again made to see if the received signal level is below the predetermined level or not (step b₂₅).

When the received signal has been held at the level below the predetermined level for the set time of the first timer 130 in step b₂₆, the frequency corresponding to the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is the idle line in step b₁₉. On one hand, after step b₂₆, the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is loaded in an idle channel data memory area 136 provided in the RAM 83 (step b₂₇). The frequency data stored in the S channel data memory area 123 is loaded in the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₂₈) after step b₂₇.

When step b₂₈ is executed through step b₁₃ or step b₁₇, the frequency data f₁ or f₂ is stored in the idle channel data memory area 136. When step b₂₈ is executed through steps b₂₀ to b₂₇, the frequency data which is stored in the idle channel data memory area 136 is not the frequency data f₃ and f₄. When step b₂₈ is executed through step b₅, on one hand, the frequency data stored in the S channel data memory area 123 is again loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 in step b₂₈ in the state in that the line was connected. This means the reoriginating call.

Subsequent to step b₂₈, a check is made to see if the received signal level of the frequency corresponding to the frequency data loaded in the frequency data memory area 122 is below a predetermined level or not (step b₂₉). When it exceeds the predetermined level, a check is made to see if the PTT switch 14 has been turned on or not (step b₃₀). When the PTT switch 14 is ON in step b₃₀, and when the received signal level is below the predetermined level in step b₂₉, it is determined that the search of the idle line has been finished, and the idle channel search display device 126 is lit off (step b₃₁). When step b₃₁ is executed through step b₃₀, the received signal level is over the predetermined value; however, the originating call is forcedly performed. The detection in step b₂₉ to see if the received signal level is below the predetermined level or not is performed in order to confirm whether the start channel is the idle line or not at this time.

When the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 coincides with the frequency data f₃ or with the frequency data f₄ or when it corresponds to the frequency out of the amateur band in steps b₂₁, b₂₂, and b₂₃, or when the received signal level exceeds the predetermined level in step b₂₅, a check is made to see if the PTT switch 14 is ON or not (step b₃₂) subsequent to steps b₂₁, b₂₂, b₂₃, and b₂₅. When the PTT switch 14 is not ON, a check is made to see if the reset switch 139 has been turned on or not (step b₃₃). When the reset switch 139 is OFF in step b₃₃, step b₁₉ is executed after step b₃₃.

When the PTT switch 14 in ON in step b₃₂, and when the reset switch 139 is ON in step b₃₃, the stop of the originating call is instructed. The frequency data stored in the S channel data memory area 123 is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₃₄) after steps b₃₂ and b₃₃ and step b₅₁, which will be explained hereinafter, is executed. When the PTT switch 14 is not ON in step b₃₀, a check is made to see if the reset switch 139 has been turned on or not (step b₃₅) after step b₃₀. When the reset switch 139 is not ON, step b₂₉ is executed after step b₃₅. When the reset switch 139 is ON in step b₃₅, the stop of the originating call is instructed and step b₅₁, which will be explained hereinafter, is executed after step b₃₅.

After step b₃₁, the frequency data stored in the idle channel data memory area 136 is loaded into output data encoding means 141 (step b₃₆). Then, the group code (A) selected by the code selecting means 101 is loaded into the output data encoding means 141 (step b₃₇). Further, the call sign data stored in the call sign code memory area 107 is loaded into the output data encoding means 141 (step b₃₈). Next, the data loaded in the output data encoding means 141 is encoded into, for example, the Hargelbarger code (step b₃₉). Therefore, the call sign code, group code, and idle channel frequency data are encoded in step b₃₇.

After step b₃₉, the transmitting section 2 is set into the data transmission mode, namely, the output which is derived by converting an output of the output encoding means 141 by a parallel/serial converting means 40 is supplied to the transmitting section (step b₆₀). In the transceiver, transmission/reception switching means 6 is set into the transmission mode (step b₄₁) and the sync data generated from a sync data generator 144 is then transmitted (step b₄₂). After step b₄₂, the output data encoded in step b₃₉ is then transmitted (step b₄₃). Therefore, by executing step b₄₃, what is called an originating call in which the frequency corresponding to the S channel frequency data is modulated by the data including the idle channel frequency data and is transmitted is carried out.

After step b₄₃, the transmission mode is cancelled and the transmission/reception switching means 6 is reset to the reception mode (step b₄₄). Further, the data transmission mode is cancelled (step b₄₅) and the frequency data stored in the idle channel data memory area 136 is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step b₄₆). Thus, the transceiver is set to the idle channel receiving frequency searched and is set to the waiting state of the transmission from the distant side. After step b₄₆, the frequency corresponding to the frequency data stored in the idle channel data memory area 136 is displayed in the data display device 112 (step b₄₇). After step b₄₇, a flag is set into the line connection memory data 121 (step b₄₈). In step b₄₈, the line is forcedly connected to the reception side on the transmission side. After step b₄₈, a line connection display device 146 is lit on (step b₄₉). After side b₄₉, a third timer 147 starts timing (step b₅₀) The set time of the third timer 147 is set to the time assuming that the line is not connected when nothing is inputted from the distant side within this set time.

After step b₅₀, a flag in a reverse state memory area 149 provided in the RAM 83 is reset in order to store the output state of reverse state setting means 148 (step b₅₁). The reverse state memory area 149 represents whether the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area 122 is the frequency data corresponding to the idle channel or the frequency data corresponding to the S channel.

After step b₅₁, the flag in the waiting state memory area 125 is set and the inhibition of the waiting state is cancelled (step b₅₂). Then, a check is made to see if the code squelch has been set by code squelch setting means 150 or not (step b₅₃). When no code squelch is set in step b₅₃, the muting by the muting means 120 is cancelled (step b₅₄) after step b₅₃ and the transmission/reception routine is executed. In this state, the frequency corresponding to the idle channel frequency data can be received. When the code squelch has been set in step b₅₃, a code squelch display device 151 is lit on (step b₅₆) after step b₅₃ and then the transmission/reception routine is executed. Since the muted state is maintained in this state, the reception cannot be performed.

On the other hand, when step b₅₁ is executed after steps b₃₄ and b₃₅, this means that steps b₂₆ to b₅₀ and steps b₃₁ to b₅₀ were skipped and indicates the case where the search of the idle channel was forcedly cancelled and the originating call was forcedly stopped.

The transmission/reception routine will then be described with reference to FIG. 8.

When the transmission/reception routine is started, a check is made to see if the PTT switch 14 has been turned on or not (step c₁). When the PTT switch 14 is ON in step c₁, a check is made to see if the code squelch has been set or not (step c₂). When the code squelch has been set in step c₂, the setting of the code squelch is cancelled (step c₃). The code squelch display device 151 is then lit off (step c₄). The muting by the muting means 120 is cancelled (step c₅). Thereafter, the transmission/reception routine is finished and the processing routine is returned to "START".

When steps c₁ to c₅ are executed, the reception can be performed by turning off the PTT switch 14.

When the code squelch isn't set in step c₂. a check is made to see if the system operation state setting means 118 has been set or not (step c₆) in a manner similar to step b₁ after step c₂. When the system operation state setting means 118 is not set in step c₆, the apparatus is set into the transmitting mode (step c₇). A check is then made to see if the PTT switch 14 has been turned on or not (step c₈). When the PTT switch 14 is ON in step c₈, step c₇ is executed. Therefore, when the PTT switch 14 is ON in step c₈, the transmission is continued until the PTT switch 14 is turned off in step c₈. In this case, the transmission in the case by the conventional amateur radio transceiver is carried out instead of the transmission under the system operating state. When the PTT switch 14 is OFF in step c₈, the transmitting mode is cancelled (step c₉) and the transmission/reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START".

When the system operation state setting means 118 has been set in step c₆, after step c₆, the special frequency data which was preset into a special frequency data memory area 152 provided in the RAM 83 and corresponds to the frequency out of the amateur band is loaded into the output data encoding means 141 in place of the frequency data stored into the idle channel data memory area 136 (step c₁₀). Next, the group code (A) is loaded into the output data encoding means 141 (step c₁₁). Further, the call sign data stored in the call sign code memory area 107 is loaded into the output data encoding means 141 (step c₁₂) and is encoded by the output data encoding means 141 (step c₁₃).

After step c₁₃, the transmitting section 2 is set into the data transmitting mode (step c₁₄) and the transceiver is set into the transmitting mode (step c₁₅). The sync data is transmitted (step c₁₆) and the output data encoded in step c₁₃ is then transmitted (step c₁₇). The data transmitting mode is cancelled due to the end of transmission (step c₁₈). The frequency data which was preset into the special frequency data memory area 152 is encoded in place of the idle channel data and transmitted at the frequency corresponding to the frequency data stored in the frequency data memory area due to steps c₁₀ to c₁₇. On the distant side which received this transmission, the code squelch is cancelled as will be explained hereinafter.

The transmission can be performed due to the completion of the execution of step c₁₈. After step c₁₈, a second timer 153 starts timing (step c₁₉). After step c₁₉, a check is made to see if the PTT switch 14 is OFF or not (step c₂₀). When the PTT switch 14 is not OFF, the apparatus waits until a set time of the second timer 153 elapses (step c₂₁). When the set time of the second timer 153 has elapsed in step c₂₁, the apparatus is set into the data transmitting mode in a manner similar to step c₁₄ (step c₂₂). The sync data is transmitted (step c₂₃). The output data which is derived by encoding the frequency data, as the idle channel data, stored in the special channel data memory area 152 in step b₃₆ is transmitted (step c₂₄). The data transmitting mode is cancelled (step c₂₅). The third timer 147 starts timing (step c₂₆). Then, step c₁₉ is again executed. Therefore, due to steps c₁₉ to c₂₆, each time the set period of the second timer 153 elapses, the transmission is temporarily interrupted and the transmission of the output data is repeated. While the transmission is being performed, the third timer 147 is reset due to step c₂₆ and the timing operation of the third timer 147 is newly repeated.

When the PTT switch 14 is OFF in step c₂₀, this means that there is no will of communication and in this state, the output data is transmitted (steps c₂₇ to c₃₀) after step c₂₀ in a manner similar to steps c₂₂ to c₂₅. Then, the transmitting mode is cancelled (step c₃₁). The third timer 147 starts timing (step c₃₂). Thereafter, the transmission/reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START". Steps c₂ to c₃₂ correspond to the transmission routine.

When the PTT switch 14 is OFF in step cl, a check is made to see if the flag has been set into the line connection memory area 121 or not after step c₁ (step c₃₃). When the flag has been set in step c₃₃, namely, when the line has been connected, a check is made to see if the reset switch 139 has been turned on or not (step c₃₄) after step c₃₃. When the reset switch 139 is OFF, namely, when it is not reset in step c₃₄, a check is made to see if the input data exists or not (step c₃₅) after step c₃₄. As described above, in this embodiment, the apparatus is ordinarily in the receiving mode. When the output data from the distant side has been received in step c₃₅, the input data is converted to the parallel data by a serial/ parallel converting means 42 and decoded by input data decoding means 155 (step c₃₆) after step c₃₅. A check is then made to see if the group code (A) has been selected or not (step c₃₇). When the group code (A) has been selected, a check is made to see if the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (A) or not by code comparing means 156 (step c₃₈). When the group code (A) is not selected in step c₃₇, or when the group code in the input data doesn't coincide with the group code (A) in step c₃₈, a check is made to see if the group code (B) has been selected or not (step c₃₉) after steps c₃₇ and c₃₈. When the group code (B) has been selected, a check is made to see if the group code in the input code coincides with the group code (B) or not (step c₄₀). When the group code (B) is not selected in step c₃₉, or when the group code in the input data doesn't coincide with the group code (B) in step c₄₀, a check is made to see if the set time of the third timer 147 has elapsed or not (step c₄₁) after steps c₃₉ and c₄₀. When no input data exists in step c₃₅, step c₄₁ is executed after step c₃₅. As is obvious in steps c₃₇ to c₄₀, the waiting is performed by the group codes (A) and (B).

Therefore, when the reset is not instructed and no input data exists, and when the group code in the input data doesn't coincide with the group code in the selected state even if the input data exists, the muting by the muting means 120 is executed (step c₄₂) after an expiration of the set time of the third timer 147. After step c₄₂, the frequency data stored in the S channel data memory area 123 is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 and the transceiver is set from the receiving mode of the idle channel frequency to the receiving mode of the frequency corresponding to the data (S channel data which was determined between this side and the distant side in step b₆) stored in the S channel data memory area 123 (step c₄₃). The flag in the reverse state memory area 148 is set (step c₄₃ '). A check is then made to see if the code squelch has been set or not (step c₄₄). When no code squelch is set, the muting by the muting means 120 is cancelled (step c₄₅) and the flag in the line connection memory area 121 is reset (step c₄₆). When the code squelch has been set in step c₄₄, step c₄₆ is executed after step c.sub. 44 The line connection display device 146 is lit off (step c₄₇) after step c₄₆. The transmission/reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START".

When the reset switch 139 is ON in step c₃₄, namely, when the reset is instructed, step c₄₆ is executed subsequent to step c₃₄.

When the flag in the line connection memory area 121 has been reset in step c₃₃, a check is made to see if the reverse state setting means 148 has been set or not (step c₇₆). When the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (A) in step c₃₈, or when the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (B) in step c₄₀, the third timer 147 starts timing (step c₇₅) after steps c₃₈ and c₄₀. Then, step c₇₆ is executed. When the timing operation is started in step c₇₅, the third timer is reset and restarts timing from the beginning.

When the reverse state setting means 148 has been set in step c₇₆, the state of the flag in the reverse state memory area 149 is detected (step c₄₈). When the flag in the reverse state memory area 149 has been set, the frequency data stored in the idle channel data memory area 136 is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step c₄₉). When the flag in the reverse state memory area 136 has been reset, the frequency data stored in the S channel data memory area 123 is loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step c₅₀). The state of the flag in the reverse state memory area 136 is inverted (step c₅₁) subsequent to steps c₄₉ and c₅₀. In step c₄₈, when the flag in the reverse state memory area has been reset, the idle channel data is stored in the frequency data memory area 122. When the flag has been set, the S channel data is stored in the frequency data memory area 122. Due to the execution of steps c₄₉ and c₅₀, the memory content of the frequency data memory area 122 is replaced between the idle channel data and the S channel data. Therefore, if the distant side doesn't respond in spite of the fact that the line was connected from the transmission side, it is possible to detect whether or not the frequency was returned to the frequency corresponding to the S channel data or the like. On one hand, in step c₅₁, the content of the reverse state memory area 149 is set to the state corresponding to the memory content (idle channel data or S channel data) of the frequency data memory area 122.

Subsequent to step c₅₁, a check is made to see if the input data exists or not (step c₅₂). When no input data exists, the transmission/reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START"When the reverse state setting means 148 is not set in step c₇₆, step c₅₂ is executed after step c₇₆. When the input data exists in step c₅₂, the input data is decoded (step c₅₃). A check is then made to see if the group code (A) has been selected or not (step c₅₄). When the group code (A) has been selected, a check is made to see if the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (A) or not (step c₅₅). When the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (A) in step c₅₅, the group code (A) is displayed in the data display means 112 (step c₅₈). A check is then made to see if the apparatus has been set into the system operating state or not (step c₆₀).

When the group code (A) is not selected in step c₅₄, or when the group code in the input data doesn't coincide with the group code (A) in step c₅₅, a check is made to see if the group code (B) has been selected or not (step c₅₆) subsequent to steps c₅₄ and c₅₅. When the group code (B) has been selected, a check is made to see if the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (B) or not (step c₅₇). When the group code in the input data coincides with the group code (B) in step c₅₇, the group code (B) is displayed in the data display device 112 (step c₅₉) after step c₅₇. Step c₆₀ is executed subsequent to steps c₅₆ and c₅₇. When the group code (B) is not selected in steps c₅₆ and c₅₇, or when the group code in the input data doesn't coincide with the group code (B), subsequent to steps c₅₆ and c₅₇, the transmission/ reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START". A check is made in step c₇₁ to see if the frequency data in the input data is the special data or not. When it is the special data, step c₇₀ is executed after step c₇₁. When it is not the special data, step c₆₀ is executed.

When the apparatus has been set to the system operating state in step c₆₀, a check is made to see if the frequency corresponding to the idle channel data in the input data is the frequency in the amateur band or not (step c₆₁) after step c₆₀. When the frequency corresponding to the idle channel data in the input data is not the frequency in the amateur band in step c₆₁, the transmission/reception routine is ended subsequent to step c₆₁ and the processing routine is returned to "START".

When the frequency corresponding to the idle channel data in the input data is the frequency in the amateur band in step c₆₁, a check is made to see if the idle channel data in the input data coincides with the frequency data in an f₅ data memory area (not shown) which is provided in the RAM 83 and in which the f₅ frequency data corresponding to the frequency that should not be set into the receiving mode is stored (step c₆₂). When they don't coincide, the state of the flag in the line connection memory area is detected (step c₆₃). When they coincide, the transmission/ reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START".

When the flag in the line connection memory area 121 has been reset in step c₆₃, namely, when the line isn't connected, the frequency data in the frequency data memory area 122 is loaded into the S channel data memory area 123 (step c₆₄). The idle channel frequency data in the input data is then loaded into the frequency data memory area 122 (step c₆₅). Thus, the apparatus is set to the frequency corresponding to the idle channel data in the input data. The call sign in the input data is displayed in the data display device 112 (step c₆₆) after step c₆₅.

Subsequent to step c₆₆, the flag in the reverse state memory area 149 is reset (step c₆₇). The flag in the line connection memory area 121 is set (step c₆₈). The line connection display device 146 is lit on (step c_(z)). The third timer 147 starts timing (step c₆₉).

Subsequent to step c₆₉, a check is made to see if the code squelch has been set or not (step c₇₀) When no code squelch is set, the transmission/reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START". When the flag in the line connection memory area 121 has been set in step c₆₃, step c₇₀ is executed after step c₆₃. On one hand, when the apparatus is not set to the system operating state in step c₆₀, the transmission/reception routine is ended and the processing routine is returned to "START".

When the code squelch has been set in step c₇₀, the code squelch is cancelled (step c₇₂). The code squelch display device 151 is lit off (step c₇₃). The muting by the muting means 120 is cancelled (step c₇₄). The transmission/reception routine is finished and the processing routine is returned to "START".

In the reception, the code squelch is cancelled and the muting is cancelled when the input data exists and the group code coincides with the group code transmitted and the apparatus is unrelated to the system operating state and also the idle channel frequency data in the input data is the special data, or when the input data exists and the group code coincides with the group code transmitted and the apparatus is in the system operating state and the frequency corresponding to the idle channel frequency data in the input data is the frequency in the amateur band and is not the frequency data corresponding to the frequency f₅.

Steps c₃₃ to c₇₄ to c₇₆ correspond to the reception routine. 

We claim:
 1. A transceiver comprising:a register for storing a code of representing a frequency, a transmitter for transmitting a signal at a channel frequency determined by the code set in said register; means in response to a manual operation for generating an instruction signal indicative of a changeover of transmission channel frequency; and control means responsive to a calling instruction for setting a code of representing a start channel frequency in said register so that said transmitter transmits a signal including a shift channel frequency information at the start channel frequency and thereafter for shifting and transmitted into the shift channel frequency to be in a transmission/reception state; wherein said control means responsive to the transmission channel frequency changeover instruction changes over the contents of said register from the code of representing the start channel frequency to the code of representing the shift channel frequency or from the code of representing the shift channel frequency to the code of representing the start channel frequency.
 2. A transceiver according to claim 1, wherein said start channel frequency is predetermined and said shift channel frequency is selected among idle channel frequencies. 